Broaching machine



March 4, 1952 E. c. RAE-:HRS 2,587,896

` BROACHING MACHINE Filed July 5, 195o 4 sheets-sheet 1 Z L IN V EN TOR.

E' L E i l EMERY c. /mEH/Ps .B/ym Wi/M March 4, 1952 E. c. RAL-:HRS 2,587,896

BROACHING MACHINE Filed July 3, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

[MERY C, /CPEHS TTRNEYS Malmh 4, 1952 E, C, RAEHRS 2,587,895

BROACHING MACHINE Filed July 3, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVLENTOR. 1 EMERY c, M75/#FS QTTORNEYS E. C. RAEHRS BROACHING MACHINE March 4, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed July 3, 1950 Figp:

INVENTOR EME/PY C', RIEH/PS i i i; Eff/wam Patented Mar. 4, 1952 BRQACHING MACHINE- Eniery Raehrs', Cincinnati, Ohio, assignor to,-

The" Cincinnati; Milling Machine nat,`04hio,A a corporation olfgOhio Cto?, Cinch."

applicati-[pri ruig-3, `195o, seriaiNn. 171,801

This invention relates to improvements in broaching machines and has particular reference to machines of the surface broachingtype,

One of theobjects of thepresent inventioniis the provision of an improvedstructure` for de termining presentation, of the" Vsurface to be formed of a workpiece to the" broaching tool.`

A further object of the present invention is the provision of improved means forcontrolling` the movement of a work piecel into breaching position and rigidly securing the same during thev machining operation,` properly to resist thelateral cutting thrust of the breaching tool,

A further objectv of the present invention is the provision in a duplex type broachingmachine off improved control mechanism for effecting proper selective presentation and locking in workingpo' sition of the respective work holdingelements.

An additional-obj ect of the invention is the pro vision of improved readily adjustable cycle control means for effecting reversals of operation of the` broaching elements in timedsequential relation to the movement of the work holding elements.

Other objects andadvantages of the present invention should be readily apparentbyreferenceto` the following specification, corisidered.l in" con-` junction withthe accompanying drawings.form,-` ing-a part thereof, and it is to betund'erstoodzthat any modifications mayr be made in the exact structural details there shown and: described, withinthe scope of theappended` claims, without departing from or exceeding-` theV spirit of the, invention.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a broaching machine embodying the present invention;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional; view as on the line 2-2 of;v FigureA 1.

Figure 3 is a plan view with partsbroken. away of the work supporting and cutting portion of the machine. i

Figure 4 is a fragmentaryvertical"sectional view 401mm. (c1. QoL-33) through the operating mechanism for the work holders taken on theline 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5'is a sectional view on the line 5.-5` of Figure 4, and

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view on theline 6--6 of Figure 4;

In the drawings` in which similarv characters. of reference are employedto denotecorrespondingf parts throughout the several views, the numeral. 50

l0 designates the bed or base ofa" conventional type duplexfbreaching machine having risingtherefrom the column structurel II propvidedrwitlfxA the pairs of ways l2" and lilV slidably supporting the breaching rams Hand I5carrying the cutting 66 breaches, I6 and lvl for operation on the f aceLof are respectively mounted the wor1 su;)porting.`

tablesgor-work carriers, 22 and 23,

These ways, as illustrated in Figure 1, arefo!) 'lf-formation, interlocking with the gib plates '2l which restrain. the tables-j against, upivaffll more: men-tiwithrespect to thewa'ys. Suitable clampingl means `25 interlock with the workpiece IV8 to secujethe same in machining position` on its sup.- Dortipe. hlef A Inutilization of machines pf thischaracter it is customary that onework holding table orK ture such. as the. member 22 shown in Figure, is secured in advancedposition locating. the'worvk'-` piece for engagementwith the cutter,` IS during4 the; downwardv or cutting stroke of: the ram Il whilethe, table or iixture4 2l is retracted for unlrradingandV loa orl nonlcutting stroke. of the ram Ij5carrying the tbm l1. It is prefersblethat the tabieszjzjanc 2,3` bealternately shifted into tooling position in suitable timedse'uuence. It` is. furtherv necessary that thetable in, tooling position be securely lqcked against any retracting'movementjdue tothe force reaction of the cutting tool or breach againstthe Surfasecf blfiefworlir piece.

Theimproyed mechanism.l for effecting this`v polsuining, and', itching or the. work. 'tableA will be. best understoodV by; reference to Figure 2r` from,

which it will. he seen that there` is formed inthe underside of the table 22` a kerfor recess 26 receive one end of. the link'` 2l mounted 0n the The opposite en@ 0f. this, linkY is pivotally C911@ neted a pin 2,9` with the, forward enddflinl; 31MinA turnpivotedfby pin 3|` tothe portion I9 olf; the; bsd. the linksA 211 and 301111151 providing a collapsible" toggle nrechan-ism,V Additionally mounted on the .pin 29r`for, control of this toggle is a` third link 32 having its lower end` connected.

by` pir-vot`33i to a lug 3.1i of ther control.` cam or eccentric` 354 secured".` to one end, ofjthe shaft Iii-6'` asl particularly illustrated inl Figure 4".

The shaft 36.` isj rotatably supported by bearinssal carried. by the webs'sw'ured t9 0r inte: gral with the bd. aortica I9: ntelmsdiatslr.

this, Srieftis provided, with: an l actuating cinici! 39 `mes hin` g` with rack 40 on piston rod dl'which is reversely actuable by piston 42 contained withinthe cylinder 43- securedA in the bed asby bolts 44'. Hydraulic conduits 45 and-t6 couplable` with ing purposes during theV upward` .corresponding to the lug 34 on member 35. Pivot or crank pin 49 serves to couple the lower end of link 50 which corresponds with the previously described link 32 with the lug 48. Link 50 is, in turn, provided with the pivot 5I on which are mounted the links 52 and 53 forming a toggle,Y

the link 53 being connected in its opposite end by pin54 with the table 23. The outer end of the toggle link 52 is pivoted, like the link 30, to the forward portion of the bed by pivot pin 3|.

It will be noted, particularly by reference to Figure 2, that the relationship ofthe cranks or eccentrics 34 and 48 is such that they are phased substantially 180 degrees, so that when the toggle comprising the members 21-30 is straightened to" move the table 22 into its forward operative position the toggle formed by the members 52-53- isf retracted or collapsed to shift the table 55 into a' rearward or loading position. Correspondingly, on' oscillation of shaft 36, the toggle 52-53 will be straightened, moving and locking the table 23- in its forward position while the table -22 is retracted.

' For insuring exact correct positioning of the tables with respect to the broach carrying column I'I', the column I I is provided with the adjustable abutments 6|), El, 62. and 63. Table 22 is`pro vided withthe lateral lugs 64 and 65 carrying` the4 threaded or otherwise adjustable abutments 6 3' and 61 for cooperation with the abutments 60 and 6I. Lock nuts 86 and 81 serve to lock the abutments or stops 66 and 61 in adjusted position'. Similarly, the table 23 is provided with the ears 68 and 69 carrying the threaded or otherwise adjustable abutments 18 and 1I for cooperation with the abutments 62 and 63 of the column; These parts, therefore, may be set accurately to determine the ultimate inward position of table 2 2 or table 23.

. At the same time, to limit the movement of the toggle member to proper rectilinear alignment ofthe members 21-30 or 52-53 for best locking of the related work table in position, the frame portionIS is provided with adjustable stops such as,12.for lcontact with the toggle mechanism, which stops are provided with lock nuts such as 88; Suitable hydraulic control mechanism for actuation of the broaches and piston 42, such, for example, as that shown in Patent 2,507,581, may be`employed, primarily under control of the handles 'I3 'and 14 pivotally mounted on the bed section I9. This hydraulic mechanism may include a reciprocable reversing valve or cycle control plunger corresponding to the plunger 1l] of the ram vdirection control valve 69 shown in said Patent 2,507,581. This valve plunger 15, as

indicated in Figure 5, is provided with a doublel tapered head 16 engageable alternatively by the pulling dog 11 for effecting its movement in a left hand direction, or the pushing dog 18 for shifting the same in a right hand direction. These dogs are adjustably mounted as by bolts 19 having T heads 80 engaged in the annular T slot 8l formed in the periphery of the member 41. With the parts in the position indicated in the drawings, the table 22 is in its forward `position and the valve plunger 15 has been shifted to the left. As the broach ram I4 completes its cutting4 Strelseksuiiable .valve mehr-@ism Knowhow) 4 will cause introduction of hydraulic pressure into conduit 55, moving piston 42 downwardly while Vconduit 46 is connected with exhaust. 'I'his will effect a clockwise rotation of the cranks 34 and 48, breaking the toggle 21--30 to unlock and retract table 22 while closing the toggle 52-53, moving the loaded work table 23 to bring the work into tooling or cutting position and locking the table in its advanced position. As this movement is completed, dog 18 will engage the beveled inner or left hand face of plunger head 16, moving plunger 15 to the right and effecting a reversal of the effect of the hydraulic circuit as respects rams I4 and I5 so that ram I4 will be idly raised, while ram I5 moves its cutter I'l to effect a toolingpor surfacing operation thereby on the workpiece I8. As this control circuit is --illustrated in and as a part of Patent 2,507,581, and, in itself, forms no part of the present invention, a detailed illustration thereof has been deemed unnecessary.

What isclaimed is:

1. A duplex breaching machine comprising a bed, columnmeans rising from the bed and pro-- vided with spaced sets of ram guides, a pair of rams individual `to the respective guides supguides for reciprocation thereon` a w'ork carrier indi-- ported by the with respect to the column, vidual to each ram,'guides on the bed supporting each work carrier for movement toward and from'y its associated ram, a first toggle mechanism for' effecting reciprocation of one of the work carriers toward and from its ram, a second toggle mechanism for effecting corresponding reciproeating movements of the other work carrier, and

y a control shaft rotatably supported by the bed having a pair of oppositely phased eccentric portions, a link connecting one of said eccentric por-pl tions with one of the carrier toggle mechanisms, a second link connecting the other of said eccentric portions with the other toggle mechanism, means for imparting oscillatory movement to the shaft, whereby theV links will oppositely-react onl the respective toggle mechanisms simultaneously to elect an opening of one toggle mechanism and retraction of its carrier and a closing yof the other toggle mechanism and forward movement of its associated carrier, a cycle control valve carried,

by the bed in juXt-apositioned relation to the shaft, and a dog element carried bythe shaft in position for engagement with the cycle controlvalve to actuate the latter upon oscillation of 'the 3 shaft.

2. A duplex broaching machine comprlsinga bed, column means rising from the bed and provided with spaced sets of ram guides, a pair of rams individual to the respective guides supported bythe guides'for reciprocation thereon with respect to the column, a work carrier individual to each ram, guides on the bed supporting each work carrier for movement toward and from its associated ram, a iirst toggle mechanism for efecting'reciprocation of one of the work carriers toward and from itsv ram, a second toggle mechanism for eecting correspondingrecipro-` cating movements of the other work carrier, and

zol

a control shaft rotatably supported by the bedv nism, means for imparting oscillatory movement to the shaft, whereby the links will oppositely @est 9e .theresrecve tegels mechansmssmultaneously to effect an opening of one toggle mechanism and retraction of its carrier and a closing of the other toggle mechanism and forward movement of its associated carrier, a cycle control valve carried by the bed in juxtaposltioned relation to the shaft, a dog element carried by the shaft in position for engagement with the cycle control valve to ac'tuate the latter upon oscillation of the shaft, and abutment means carried 'by the bed for engagement with the toggle g mechanism to limit the actuation of the toggle and thus the amount of rotation imparted to the shaft.

3. A duplex breaching machine comprising a bed. column means rising from the bed and pro vided with spaced sets of ram guides, a pair of rams individual to the respective guides supported by the guides for reciprocation thereon with respect to the column, a work carrier indvidual to each ram, guides on the bed supporting each work carrier for movement 'toward and from its associated ram, a rst toggle mechanism for effecting reciprocation of one of the work carriers toward and from its ram, a second toggle mechanism for effecting corresponding reciprocating movements of the other work carrier, and a control shaft rotatably supported by the bed having a pair of oppositely phased eccentric portions, a link connecting one of said eccentric portions with one of the carrier toggle mechanisms, a second link connecting the other of said eccentric portions with the other toggle mechanism, and means for imparting oscillatory movement to the shaft, whereby the links will oppositely react on the respective toggle mechanisms simultaneously to effect an opening of one toggle mechanism and retraction of its carrier and `a closing of the other toggle mechanism and forward movement of its associated carrier, a cycle control valve for controlling operation of the i breach having an actuating portion disposed in juxtaposition to the shaft, a first dog carried by and yoscillatable with the shaft, a second dog carried by and oscillatable with the shaft in substantially 180 degree phased relation with respect to the first dog, each of said dogs having an actuating portion engageable with the actuating portion of the cycle control valve for effecting movement of the valve in timed relation to the actuation of the respective toggles as determined by oscillation of the shaft.

4, A duplex breaching machine comprising a bed, column means rising from the bed and provided with spaced sets of ram guides, a pair of rams individual to the respective guides supported by the guides for reciprocation thereon with respect to the column, a Work carrier individual to each ram, guides on the bed supporting each work carrier for movement toward and from its associated ram, a rst toggle mechanism for effecting reciprocation of one of the work carriers toward and fro-m its ram, a second toggle mechanism for effecting corresponding reciprocating movements of the other work carrier, and a control shaft rotatably 'supported by the bed having a pair of oppositely phased eccentric portions, a link connecting one of said eccentric portions with one of the carrier toggle mechanisms, a second link connecting the other of said eccentric portions with the other toggle mechanism, means for imparting oscillatory movement to the shaft, whereby the links will oppositely react on the respective toggle mechanisms simulltaneously to effect an opening of one toggle mechanism and retraction of its carrier and a closing of the other toggle mechanism and forward movement of its associated carrier, a cycle control valve for controlling operation of the broach having an actuating portion disposed in juxtaposition to the shaft, a first dog carried by and oscillatable with the shaft, a second dog carried by and oscillatable with the shaft in substantially 180 degree phased relation with respect to the :rst dog, each of said dogs having an actuating portion engageable with the actuating portion of the cycle control valve for effecting movement -of the valve in timed relation to the actuation of the respective toggles as determined by oscillation of the shaft, and abutment means for limiting the respective closing movements 'of the toggle vmeans and thus the extent of oscillation of the shaft in either direction of actuation thereof.

EMERY C. RAEHRS.

-, le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,739,609 Perkins et al Dec. 17, 1929 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 260,905 Great Britain Nov. 11, 1926 

